VATI Care of Children Questions and Answers 2023/2024 | Exams Nursing | Docsity (2024)

Download VATI Care of Children Questions and Answers 2023/2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! VATI Care of Children Questions and Answers 2023/2024 A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the patents of a child who has acute glomerulonephritis with pitting edema. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend be eliminated from the child's diet? Hot dogs -Results in edema, HTN, hematuria and proteinuria. Dietary changes requires limit foods high in sodium because of the edema and HTN. (Hot dogs, or other processed meats) A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child who has a concussion. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an early indication of ICP? Nausea -Early findings of ICP A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has moderate partial thickness burns on both lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? Maintain aseptic technique during the child dressing changes. -To prevent infection. Delayed wound healing can occur due to infection, which can also cause partial thickness wounds to develop into full thickness wounds. A charge nurse on a pediatric unit is reviewing informed consent guidelines with newly licensed nurse. For which of the following clients should the nurse obtain informed consent from a guardian? A 15-year-old client who requires an open reduction of a fracture. -Sign consent prior to surgical procedures for a minor. A nurse is caring for a child who has terminal leukemia. The parents asks the nurse, "When will we know that our child is nearing the end of their life?" Which of the following statements should the nurse make? Your child will lose movement in their legs. -Lose movement in the lower extremities. This progressive loss of movement will move up the body as death nears. A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of a child who is in the edema phase of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Provide quite activities for the child. -Provide quite activities, such as reading and coloring, during edema phase of nephritis to minimize oxygen consumption and preserve energy. A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child following a surgical procedure. Which of the following pain tools should the nurse use? Face, Legs, Activity, Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale. -The FLACC scale is used for infants and children from 2 months to 7 years. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school age child who has epilepsy and a new prescription for phenytoin extended release capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Encourage the child to brush their teeth after each meal. - Dental hygiene, this medications can cause gingival hyperplasia, and good oral hygiene reduces the risk of this occurring. A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who has acute vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of moderate hypovolemia? Tachypnea -A hypovolemia worsens, breathing becomes hyperpneic. A nurse is caring for a toddler who is experiencing hyperglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? Lethargic mood. -Will be irritable and have a labile mood. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a 5-year-old child who has leukemia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? I will make sure to inspect my son's mouth every day for sores. -Increase risk for mucositis, therefore, the parent should inspect the mouth daily for lesions or ulcerations and report these to the provider. Open lesions can become infected in the child who is immunocompromised. A home health nurse is developing a plan of care for the parents of a toddler who has hemophilia A. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Encourage the child to increase their fluid intake. -The first action the nurse should take is to promote hydration through the use of oral and IV fluids. Hydration is important because it prevents further sickling of the cells and delays the hypoxia-ischemia cycle. A nurse is planning a community education series for teachers of children who have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following classroom strategies should the nurse include in the teaching? Accompany verbal instructions with visual references. - Use visual references along with verbal instructions for child who have ADHD. Using both verbal and written instruction provides clear communication of expectations for the children. A nurse is admitting a child who has pertussis. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse initiate for the child? Droplet -And other infections that is transmitted through respiratory droplets larger than 5 microns in size. (diphtheria, rubella, and scarlet fever require droplet precautions. Droplet precautions requires staff who provide care to wear a mask or respirator as PPE. A nurse is teaching a group of new parents about expected language development. The nurse should include that a child should begin to speak 10 or more words about which of the following ages? 18 months -The toddler should also form simple word combinations. A nurse is providing teaching about home safety to the parents of an infant. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? Place your infant on a firm mattress for sleeping. -Place infant in a supine position on a firm mattress for sleeping. This decease the risk for suffocation. A nurse is planning care for an adolescent client who has sickle cell anemia and is experiencing a vaso- occlusive crisis. Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority? Promoting bed rest. -Has a higher requirement of cellular oxygenation. Therefore, the nurse should reduce the clients metabolic demands for oxygen and limit cardiac oxygen consumption by encouraging rest. A nurse is teaching a female adolescent who reports frequent urinary tract infections. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Void at least every 3-4hrs. -Urinate as soon as they feel the urge and to avoid waiting to void. Urinary stasis increase the risk for infection. A nurse is caring for a child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? Initiate droplet precautions. -To reduce the risk of transmission of the infection to others. A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin 50mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6hrs to an adolescent who is postoperative following surgical removal of a peritonsillar abscess and weights 40kg. Available is erythromycin oral solution 200mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? 12.5 mL A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school age child who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? Apply an ice collar to the child's neck. -To promote comfort and minimize swelling. The nurse also should administer prescribed analgesics to the child around the clock to minimize pain. A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a child who has ingested kerosene. The child is lethargic, grunting, and gagging. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Prepare for intubation with a cuffed endotracheal tube. -Anticipate that the child will require intubation with a cuffed endotracheal tube because of the high risk of aspiration. This child is at risk for aspiration because they are lethargic, grunting, and gagging. A nurse is preparing to obtain a blood sample for an Hgb from a child who has hemophilia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Obtain the sample using venipuncture. -Because this method allows for less bleeding than a finger puncture. A nurse is teaching the parent of a school age child who has cystic fibrosis about home care. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? I will give my child stool softeners for constipation. -Can occur because of a failure to properly break down foods, a slowing of the intestinal motility, and the thickened enzymatic secretions die to the disease process itself. The parent should administer an osmotic solution, such as polyethylene glycol, stool softeners, or laxatives to treat constipation. A nurse is caring for an infant who has returned to the pediatric unit following surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Monitor temporal artery temperature. -Check temperature by scanning the temporal artery to monitor for manifestation of infection. Other manifestations of infection include redness, warmth, and drainage from the incision site. A nurse is providing teaching about magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without contrast to the parent of a child who has cancer. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? You can remain in the room with your child during the procedure. -Provides comfort and reassurance during the procedure. A nurse is assessing a toddler. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of potential child maltreatment? Circular burns on the soles of the toddlers feet. -Physical manifestations of burns are often found on the soles, back, buttocks, and hands. The nurse should document the location of the burns along with a description of the pattern and the presence of eschar or blistering. The nurse should also obtain diagrams and photographs using a measurement tool. A nurse in a emergency department is caring for a child who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? Profuse sweating -Indicates that his child is at risk for severe respiratory distress as a result of status asthmaticus and requires immediate intervention. Other manifestations that should be reported immediately include nasal flaring, distended neck veins, and tachypnea. The nurse should remain with the child to provide support and interventions if intubation becomes necessary. A nurse is planning care for an infant who has respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and a respiratory rate of 46/min. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Initiate contact precautions. The infant has an absent grasp reflex. -The nurse should expect the infant to grasp objects with both hands at this stage of development. A nurse is teaching the parents of an infant how to administer antibiotic eardrops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Massage the anterior area of the ear following administration. -Just in front of the tragus, following administration to facilitate instillation of the medication into the ear canal. A nurse is planning care for a newly admitted child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? Establish a reward system for the child. -Respond to positive reinforcement. This helps to promote a therapeutic environment for the child. A nurse in an emergency department is providing pre-procedure teaching to the parents of a child who is to undergo a bronchoscopy die to aspiration of a foreign body. Which of the following parents statements indicate understanding of the teaching? The provider will remove the object during this procedure. -The provider is able to make a definitive diagnosis of objects in the larynx and trachea during a bronchoscopy and can subsequently remove the foreign body. A nurse is documenting a male infants weight on a growth chart. The infant is 11months old and weights 11.3KG (24.9lbs). Identify the correct point on the graph where the nurse should plot the infants weight. A is correct. A nurse is performing an initial physical examination on a child. The nurse should recognize that which of the following manifestations indicates a possible brain tumor? SATA Vomiting Clumsiness Irritability Persistent HA - It tends to become progressively more projectile and is most severe in the AM. It can be accompanied by nausea and is a result of increased IC. -Lack of coordination, and loss of balance are common manifestation of brain tumors. Manifestations results from pressure and interference with circulation within the brain. -Common behavioral manifestation of brain tumors. Other manifestations include anorexia, fatigue, lethargy, and bizarre behavior such as staring. -HA results from pressure on pain-sensitive areas, such as large blood vessels and cranial nerves. HA tend to be worse in the morning and subside as the day progresses. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school age child who is immobilized following spinal surgery. Which of the following nutritional recommendations should the nurse include? Encourage small, frequent meals high in protein. -Immobilization causes a decrease in appetite. Therefore, small but frequent meals will be more readily tolerated. Adequate protein intake is needed for energy and tissue healing. A nurse is providing pre-procedure teaching to the parents of a preschooler who has nephrotic syndrome and is scheduled for a percutaneous renal biopsy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? Your child will have a pressure dressing on the biopsy site following the test. -To minimize bleeding. The nurse also might use a sandbag to maintain pressure to the puncture site. A nurse is reviewing the admission laboratory report of a school age child who has glomerulonephritis. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect to find? BUN 32 mg/dL -Above the expected reference range of 5-18 mg/dL for a child. A child who has glomerulonephritis will have an elevated BUN because of the impaired glomerular filtration rate, which results in retention of urea in the blood. A nurse is planning to obtain a rectal temperature from a toddler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Place the child in prone position. -The nurse should place the child in a side-lying, Sim's or prone position to obtain a rectal temperature. A nurse is assessing an infant who has Tetralogy of Fallot. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect? SATA A heart murmur Cyanotic spells -Tetralogy of Fallot exhibit a systolic murmur that is moderate in intensity. -Experience anoxic spells when the infant's oxygen requirements exceed the oxygen available in the blood supply, such as when the infant is crying or following a feeding. A nurse is teaching about injury prevention to the parent of a toddler. Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching? Place a throw rug under the crib. -The toddler can fall out the crib. The nurse should also instruct the parent to move the toddler to a youth bed when they are able to climb out of the crib. A nurse is providing teaching about food choices to the parent of a school age child who has celiac disease. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? I can offer popcorn as a snack food. -Unable to digest gluten found in grains, such as wheat, barley, rye, and oats. Corn is an acceptable substitute grain and is gluten-free. Therefore, popcorn is an appropriate food for the parent to offer the child as a snack. A nurse is assessing a child who has full-thickness burns of the legs. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? Injured skin is cream to black in color. -Variable colors, including cream to brown or black. The injury reaches through the epidermis to the dermis, and possibly to the muscles, tendons, and bone. Areas with a full thickness burn are less painful than partial thickness burned areas because of the nerve destruction involved. A nurse is assessing a child who has heart failure. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect? Distended neck veins. -Manifestations of increased blood volume, such as distended neck veins. This occurs because of the secretion of the hormone ADH, which holds onto sodium and water in response to decreased cardiac output and renal perfusion. A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the parents of a 2-year-old child. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? I should feed my child 1 cup of vegetables per day. -A variety of vegetables should be introduced to the toddler. A nurse is planning care for a child who is postoperative following a below-the-knee amputation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Test gastric secretions of pH. -Test gastric secretions of pH to verify that the orogastric tube is in the stomach. A pH of 5 or less indicates that the orogastric tube is in the stomach, whereas a pH of greater than 5 does not indicate that the tube is in the stomach. Performing orogastric feeding when the tube is not in the stomach increases the risk for aspiration. A nurse is caring for an infant who has respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and is experiencing respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Provide heated, high flow nasal cannula therapy (HHFNC). -This therapy can prevent respiratory failure. HHFNC is a form of humidified oxygen administration which provides continuous positive pressure. A nurse is evaluating an adolescent who is postoperative and is receiving fentanyl via an epidural catheter. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a complication? Respiratory rate of 14/min -Expected reference range for respiratory rate is 16 to 20/min. A nurse in a well child clinic is assessing a school age child who has erythema on the face and maculopapular rash on the arms and legs. The parent reports that the child has had an intermittent fever for 1wk. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Offer the child analgesic for comfort. -Offer analgesics and antipyretic medications because erythema on the face and a maculopapular rash on the arms and legs indicates that the child has erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). Erythema infectiosum is a viral infection that cannot be treated with antibiotics. A nurse is caring for an infant immediately following surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Position the infant on their right side when sleeping. -Right side or upright in an infant seat when sleeping to allow mouth secretions to drain forward. Do not allow infant to turn on their abdomen because this could put pressure on the suture line. A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a preschooler who has impetigo. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Keep the child's towels separate from towels used by other family members. -Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection spread by contact. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the guardian of a preschooler who is receiving rehydration therapy for acute diarrhea. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make? Steamed broccoli -Early introduction of nutrient dense foods, such as steamed broccoli, can decrease the severity and duration of the illness. A nurse is assessing an infant who has a congenital heart defect. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? Hyperpnea -Hyperpnea is an increased rate and depth of breathing due to severe hypoxemia. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the guardians of a school age child following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Eat soft, bland foods as tolerated. -Cooked and mashed fruits, sherbet or ice-cream, soup, and mashed potatoes are examples of soft foods the nurse should recommend. A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a treatment plan for a school age child who has ADHD. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the treatment plan has been effective? The child completes homework assignments on time. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of an adolescent who has mononucleosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Provide your child with medications in an elixir preparation. -Might have a severe sore throat. Therefore, Elixir medications are easier to swallow when experiencing a sore throat. A nurse is planning care for a toddler following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Maintain the child's affected leg in a straight position for at least 6hrs. -Maintain leg straight position for 6-6hrs following the procedure to allow for the artery to clot. Moving the leg can disrupt the integrity of the clot and cause bleeding.